— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位酒精使用障礙的病人因戒斷症狀入院。護理師應預期給予下列何種藥物作為戒斷的第一線治療？
A client with alcohol use disorder is admitted for detoxification. Which medication should the nurse expect to administer as a first-line treatment for withdrawal symptoms?
- AAcamprosateAcamprosate（阿坎酸）
- BNaltrexoneNaltrexone（納曲酮）
- CChlordiazepoxide✓ 正解Chlordiazepoxide（氯氮䓬）
- DDisulfiramDisulfiram（雙硫侖）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
酒精戒斷的急性期處理首選為苯二氮平類藥物（Benzodiazepines），如 Chlordiazepoxide，目的是預防戒斷性癲癇與瞻妄。其他藥物（Disulfiram, Naltrexone, Acamprosate）為戒酒維持期使用，而非急性戒斷期使用。
Verifying the client's identity using at least two identifiers is the foundational safety step before initiating any nursing procedure, including a bed bath. This action aligns with National Patient Safety Goals to prevent errors such as treating the wrong patient. Other tasks like gathering supplies or checking water temperature must follow this critical verification step.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國常使用 CIWA-Ar 量表嚴格監測並投藥；台灣臨床對酒精戒斷的 protocols 變異度較大，護理師需確認醫師處方細節。