— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師正在照護一位表達無價值感和罪惡感的病人，護理師哪句話最能傳達同理心？
A nurse is caring for a client who expresses feelings of worthlessness and guilt. Which statement by the nurse best conveys empathy?
- A 'Let's try to find reasons why you are valuable.''讓我們試著找出你有價值的理由。'
- B 'Everyone feels guilty sometimes.''每個人有時都會感到內疚。'
- C 'You shouldn't feel that way.''你不應該有那種感覺。'
- D 'It sounds like you are feeling very distressed.'✓ 正解'聽起來你現在感到非常痛苦。'
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
同理心（Empathy）的核心在於理解並反映病人的內在感受，而非給予建議或否定其情緒。選項 D 使用了治療性溝通技巧中的「反映法（Reflecting）」，直接點出病人的 distress（痛苦），讓病人感受到被接納與理解。這是建立治療性護理關係（Therapeutic relationship）的第一步，能促進病人進一步表達內心真正的感受。
Empathy is best conveyed by reflecting the client's emotions, which validates their feelings and demonstrates understanding without offering unsolicited advice or minimizing their experience. Statements that attempt to fix the problem, generalize the emotion, or invalidate feelings can hinder the therapeutic relationship. Reflecting distress allows the client to feel heard and supports further exploration of their emotions.