— 降低風險 · HARD · MCQ —
頸動脈內膜切除術後 2 小時。哪項發現需要立即介入?
A client is 2 hours postoperative following a carotid endarterectomy. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
- ABlood pressure of 145/88 mmHg血壓145/88 mmHg
- BSlight hoarseness when speaking說話時輕微聲音沙啞
- CPain at the incision site (score 4/10)切口處疼痛(評分4/10)
- DFrequent swallowing and neck swelling✓ 正解頻繁吞嚥動作與頸部腫脹
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
頸動脈內膜切除術(carotid endarterectomy, CEA)是一種移除頸動脈斑塊以預防中風的手術。術後 2 小時是密切監測併發症的關鍵時期,尤其是那些可能危及生命的併發症。其中,頸部血腫(hematoma)的形成是需要立即介入的緊急情況。 頻繁吞嚥和頸部腫脹是頸部血腫形成的典型徵象。血腫可能迅速增大並壓迫氣管(trachea),導致呼吸道阻塞,進而引發呼吸窘迫甚至窒息。因此,護理師必須將此發現視為緊急狀況,並立即通知醫師進行評估和處理。這遵循了 ABC(Airway, Breathing, Circulation)原則,確保病人的呼吸道暢通是首要任務。
Frequent swallowing and neck swelling are hallmark signs of a postoperative hematoma, which can rapidly compress the trachea and compromise the airway. Immediate intervention is critical to prevent respiratory distress or obstruction, aligning with the priority of maintaining a patent airway.