— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位思覺失調症個案表現出負性症狀，下列哪項臨床表現與此分類相符？
A client with schizophrenia is exhibiting negative symptoms. Which assessment finding is consistent with this classification?
- AAvolition and social withdrawal✓ 正解意志缺乏與社交退縮
- BDisorganized speech patterns混亂的語言模式
- CAuditory hallucinations聽覺幻覺
- DDelusional ideation妄想性思維
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
思覺失調症症狀分為正性與負性。正性症狀包括幻覺、妄想、語無倫次；負性症狀則是功能的喪失或減退，例如意志力缺乏（avolition）、情感淡漠、社交退縮。識別負性症狀對於評估病人的社會功能恢復至關重要。
Inspiratory stridor is a critical sign of airway obstruction, often caused by laryngeal edema or hematoma compression following thyroidectomy. This represents an immediate threat to breathing and requires urgent notification of the surgeon to prepare for potential emergency interventions such as re-intubation or tracheostomy.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對思覺失調症診斷標準皆遵循 DSM-5，但在台灣臨床評估中，負性症狀的照護常涉及更多家屬參與。