— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師為血液感染病人靜脈輸注萬古黴素（vancomycin），病人出現臉部與頸部潮紅。護理師應優先採取何種措施？
A nurse is administering a dose of vancomycin to a client with a bloodstream infection. The nurse observes the client developing flushing on the face and neck. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
- AAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- BSlow the rate of the infusion✓ 正解減慢輸注速度
- CIncrease the IV fluid rate增加靜脈輸液速度
- DStop the infusion immediately立即停止輸注
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）是萬古黴素輸注速度過快引發的組胺釋放反應。若僅為輕微潮紅，首要處置是減慢輸注速度。若出現低血壓或呼吸窘迫，才需停止給藥。減慢速度可有效改善代謝並緩解症狀。
Flushing of the face and neck indicates Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-mediated reaction caused by rapid vancomycin infusion. The priority intervention is to slow the infusion rate, which reduces histamine release and alleviates symptoms without requiring immediate discontinuation unless severe anaphylaxis occurs.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床常規建議萬古黴素輸注時間需達 60-90 分鐘，美國醫療指引亦強調此時間限制以避免此反應。