— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人安排了擇期手術。在術前評估時，病人對護理師說：「我不太確定為什麼我需要這個手術。」護理師應採取哪項行動？
A client is scheduled for an elective surgery. During the pre-operative assessment, the client tells the nurse, 'I'm not really sure why I need this operation.' Which action should the nurse take?
- AAsk the client to sign the consent form and then call the doctor請病人簽署同意書，然後通知醫師
- BExplain the risks and benefits of the surgery to the client向病人說明手術的風險與益處
- CAssure the client that the surgeon is highly skilled向病人保證外科醫師技術高超
- DNotify the surgeon that the client needs further clarification✓ 正解通知外科醫師該病人需要進一步釐清
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
護理師在知情同意過程中的角色是「證人（Witness）」並確認病人是否了解。如果病人表示不解，護理師不可代替醫師解釋手術風險（這是醫師的法律責任），必須通知醫師重新向病人說明。在病人未完全理解前，不應讓其簽署同意書或繼續進行流程。
The nurse acts as a client advocate by notifying the surgeon when the client lacks understanding of the procedure, as explaining risks and benefits is the surgeon's legal responsibility. Consent cannot be validly obtained until the client fully comprehends the information.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國非常強調護理師「不可」解釋手術細節；台灣臨床上護理師有時會補充解釋，但法律責任界線應一致。