— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位患有初期阿茲海默症且出現黃昏症候群的長者。下列何項介入措施最合適？
A nurse is caring for an older adult client with early-stage Alzheimer’s disease who is experiencing sundowning syndrome. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- AMaintain a consistent daily routine for the client✓ 正解為病人維持一致的每日作息
- BAdminister a sedative before the sun sets日落前給予鎮靜劑
- CProvide a bright, stimulating environment in the evening在傍晚提供明亮且具刺激性的環境
- DLimit physical activity throughout the day限制全天身體活動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
黃昏症候群（Sundowning）與生理時鐘混亂及認知功能減退相關。護理核心在於建立預測性強的環境，維持固定作息可減少病人對環境的不確定感。高刺激環境反而會造成認知負荷過重，使用鎮靜劑則可能增加跌倒及認知功能退化的風險，應儘量避免。
The principle of beneficence involves taking actions that promote the client's well-being and benefit. Administering pain medication, encouraging physical therapy for mobility, and providing emotional support directly enhance the client's physical and psychological health.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美式照護強調非藥物行為管理；台灣受限於人力配置，有時較依賴藥物介入改善睡眠與躁動。