— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 25 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的病人來到診所，自述持續擔憂且難以集中注意力。下列哪項護理措施最具治療性？
A 25-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents to the clinic reporting constant worry and difficulty concentrating. Which initial nursing intervention is most therapeutic?
- ASuggest the client engage in high-intensity exercise建議客戶從事高強度運動
- BProvide detailed education on the side effects of medications提供關於藥物副作用的詳細衛教
- CAdminister an as-needed dose of alprazolam給予適量使用的阿普唑侖劑量
- DEncourage the client to discuss their feelings in a calm environment✓ 正解鼓勵客戶在安靜的環境中討論其感受
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
治療性溝通的第一步是提供安全、安靜的環境，讓病人表達情緒，協助其確認壓力的根源。焦慮症患者需透過建立信任關係（Therapeutic Alliance）來穩定焦慮水平。給藥是次要選擇，教育應在病人焦慮減緩後進行，過高強度的運動可能在初期加重生理性焦慮感受。
The most therapeutic initial intervention is to encourage the client to discuss their feelings in a calm, quiet environment to facilitate emotional expression and reduce anxiety. Establishing a trusting relationship helps the client identify stressors, whereas high-intensity exercise or detailed education may overwhelm a client experiencing significant anxiety.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常運用標準化的焦慮評估量表進行 triage，台灣則多由精神科醫師主導診斷後，再由護理師執行護理計畫。