護理師應為準備出院並使用助行器(Walker)的病人提供哪些指導?(選所有適合的)
Which instructions should the nurse provide to a client who is being discharged with a walker? (Select all that apply.)
- AWear non-skid shoes or slippers while walking.✓ 正解行走時穿著防滑鞋或拖鞋。
- BLift the walker and move it forward while weight-bearing on both legs.雙腿承重時,抬起助行器並向前移動。
- CStand in the middle of the walker, not behind it.✓ 正解站在助行器的中間,而不是後面。
- DUse the furniture around the house for extra support while walking.行走時利用周圍的家具提供額外支撐。
- EEnsure all four legs of the walker are on the floor before stepping forward.✓ 正解在向前跨步之前,確保助行器的四條腿都著地。
助行器的安全衛教重點在於「穩定性」與「防跌」。首先,鞋具必須防滑(A),以提供摩擦力。操作時,應將助行器抬起向前移約 15 公分,並確保助行器的四隻腳都平穩著地(E)後,才開始跨步。病人的身體重心應位在助行器的四角框架內(C),而不是推著助行器走。錯誤動作包括:在重心不穩時移動助行器(B),或依賴家具支撐(D),因為家具(如帶輪子的椅子或輕便茶几)可能滑動導致跌倒。家中的環境修飾,如移除地毯、增加照明,也是衛教的重要部分。
Clients should wear non-skid shoes to prevent slipping and stand within the walker's frame to maintain balance and center of gravity. It is critical to ensure all four legs of the walker are firmly on the floor before stepping forward to prevent instability. Lifting the walker while bearing weight or relying on unstable furniture increases fall risk.
美國非常強調 Home Safety Evaluation(居家安全評估),護理師會詢問家中的地毯與樓梯。台灣則常見家屬在旁攙扶,護理師需額外教導家屬如何正確輔助,避免因過度幫忙導致病人未正確使用助行器。