— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
病人長期臥床後出現腿部肌肉痙攣。護理師應採取哪項措施？
A client is experiencing muscle cramps in the legs after a period of prolonged bed rest. Which action should the nurse take?
- AApply gentle warmth to the affected muscles✓ 正解對受影響的肌肉施加溫和熱敷
- BMassage the calf muscles vigorously用力按摩小腿肌肉
- CAdminister a strong narcotic analgesic給予強效麻醉性止痛藥
- DEncourage the client to stand and walk immediately鼓勵病人立即站立並行走
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
臥床導致的肌肉痙攣通常與局部循環不佳及肌肉僵硬有關。溫和的熱敷（Apply gentle warmth）能促進局部血液循環，放鬆肌肉，有效緩解痙攣。絕對禁忌用力按摩（Vigorous massage），因為如果肌肉中有隱藏的深部靜脈栓塞（DVT），用力按摩可能會導致血栓脫落引發肺栓塞。在處理肌肉痙攣時，應優先採取非侵入性且安全的物理方式。
Gentle warmth promotes local circulation and muscle relaxation, effectively relieving cramps associated with immobility. Vigorous massage is contraindicated because it could dislodge a potential deep vein thrombosis, risking pulmonary embolism.