— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位強迫症（OCD）病人花數小時洗手。最合適的初步護理策略為何？
A client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) spends hours washing hands. What is the most appropriate initial nursing strategy?
- AInterrupt the ritual to prevent skin breakdown打斷該儀式以防止皮膚破損
- BInform the client that the ritual is irrational告知個案該儀式是非理性的
- CAllow time for the ritual while gradually setting limits✓ 正解允許進行儀式時間，同時逐漸設定界限
- DRemove the sink and soap from the client's room移除個案房間內的洗手台和肥皂
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
強迫症（OCD）病人的強迫行為（Ritual）是用來緩解內在極度焦慮的防衛機制。強制中斷會導致焦慮爆發（Panic）。護理策略的核心是「接納與逐步限制」。應給予病人足夠的時間完成儀式，但同時建立結構化的治療計畫，在確保病人生理安全（如皮膚完整性）的前提下，逐漸轉移其注意力至其他活動，達到減敏感效果。
Compulsive rituals serve as a defense mechanism to alleviate extreme anxiety in clients with OCD; abrupt interruption can trigger panic attacks. The most appropriate initial strategy involves accepting the behavior while gradually setting limits to help the client cope with anxiety and achieve desensitization.