物質濫用個案在戒斷期，哪些護理措施適切？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are appropriate for a client with a substance use disorder during the detoxification phase? (Select all that apply.)
- AMonitor vital signs frequently for signs of withdrawal✓ 正解頻繁監測生命徵象，以察覺戒斷症狀
- BProvide a safe, quiet, and low-stimulus environment✓ 正解提供安全、安靜且低刺激的環境
- CConfront the client about their substance use history就其物質濫用史與個案對質
- DImplement seizure precautions for alcohol withdrawal✓ 正解針對酒精戒斷實施癲癇預防措施
- EEncourage the client to start a strict exercise program鼓勵個案開始嚴格運動計畫
戒斷期首重生理安全。A 嚴密監測維生徵象；B 降低感官刺激以防躁動；D 預防酒精戒斷引發的癲癇。C 錯誤：戒斷期不宜採取對抗性溝通；E 錯誤：身體尚處不穩定狀態，過度運動會增加心臟負擔，應以病人耐受度為準。
During detoxification, physiological safety is paramount; therefore, frequent monitoring of vital signs is essential to assess withdrawal severity. A safe, quiet environment minimizes sensory stimulation to prevent agitation and seizures, while implementing seizure precautions addresses the specific life-threatening risks associated with alcohol withdrawal. Confrontation is contraindicated during acute detox, and strenuous exercise should be avoided as the body is unstable.
美國有專責的 Detox Center，台灣多在綜合醫院的精神科急性病房執行，兩者都重視戒斷症狀的早期偵測。