— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的個案，出現心跳加快與呼吸急促，並表示「我感覺快死了」。護理師的優先處置為何？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with rapid heart rate and shortness of breath. The client states, 'I feel like I am dying.' What is the nurse's priority intervention?
- AEncourage the client to sit in a quiet, dark room alone鼓勵個案坐在安靜、黑暗的房間獨自待著
- BTeach the client deep breathing techniques immediately立即教導個案深呼吸技巧
- CAdminister an PRN anxiolytic medication給予處方備用（PRN）抗焦慮藥物
- DStay with the client and use a calm, steady voice✓ 正解陪伴個案並使用平穩、鎮定的語調說話
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
面對急性驚恐發作的個案，護理師的首要任務是提供安全感並減少焦慮誘發的刺激。保持陪伴可降低孤獨感與無助感，穩定且冷靜的語調有助於個案平復情緒，此為心理護理的基石。藥物或呼吸技巧需在個案情緒稍微穩定後再介入，獨處則會加劇恐慌。
The nurse's priority is to stay with the client and use a calm, steady voice to provide safety and reduce the feeling of isolation during an acute panic attack. This immediate psychological support helps lower anxiety levels, whereas teaching new skills or administering medication is less effective until the client is calmer.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台護理臨床對於驚恐發作皆強調陪伴，但台灣臨床常優先考慮藥物介入，美國則更強調非藥物介入的心理支持。