— 心理社會完整性 · HARD · SATA —
護理師為一位患有厭食症的病人制定護理計畫，應包含哪些介入措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client with anorexia nervosa. Which interventions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- ASupervise the client during and after meals for 1-2 hours✓ 正解在進食期間及進食後 1-2 小時內監督病人
- BAllow the client to choose their own meal times to build autonomy允許病人自行選擇進餐時間以建立自主性
- CEstablish a weight gain goal of 2-3 pounds per week✓ 正解設定每週增重 2-3 磅的目標
- DFocus discussions on nutritional status rather than weight✓ 正解將討論重點放在營養狀況而非體重
- EMonitor for signs of purging, such as excessive exercise or bathroom use✓ 正解監測 purge 跡象，例如過度運動或頻繁使用廁所
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
厭食症照護重點在於身體安全與進食行為矯正。飯後監督能防止催吐或藏匿食物；每週目標性增加體重以確保健康；將話題轉向營養狀態而非體重數字可減少對體型的焦慮。B 是錯誤的，厭食症病人需要嚴格的進食時間表才能建立穩定的代謝調節。
Supervision during and after meals prevents purging behaviors, while monitoring for signs of excessive exercise or bathroom use detects surreptitious purging. Setting a gradual weight gain goal helps prevent refeeding syndrome, and focusing on nutrition rather than weight reduces anxiety related to body image.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美方對於厭食症多採行多專業團隊（MDT）且強制性醫療介入較多；台灣則在家庭支持系統的介入上扮演重要角色。