— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師指導病人進行低渣飲食。下列哪項食物選擇是合適的？
A nurse is teaching a client about a low-residue diet. Which food choice is appropriate?
- AWhole wheat bread全麥麵包
- BWhite rice✓ 正解白米飯
- CDried beans乾豆類
- DRaw broccoli生花椰菜
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低渣飲食（Low-residue diet）的核心目的是減少腸道蠕動頻率及糞便體積，常見於腸道手術後、發炎性腸道疾病（IBD）急性期或腸道檢查前。白米屬於精製穀物，經加工去除麩皮與胚芽，纖維含量極低，易於消化吸收，不會對腸道黏膜造成機械性刺激，是低渣飲食的首選澱粉來源。相反地，全穀類、豆類及生鮮蔬果皆含有大量不可溶性纖維，會增加糞便體積並刺激腸道蠕動，在需要腸道休息的情況下應避免攝取。
White rice is an appropriate choice for a low-residue diet because it is a refined grain with minimal fiber, reducing mechanical irritation to the intestinal mucosa. In contrast, whole grains, legumes, and raw vegetables are high in insoluble fiber and should be avoided to decrease bowel motility and stool volume.