— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護低鉀血症病人，應觀察心電圖（ECG）有何變化？
A nurse is caring for a client with hypokalemia. Which ECG changes should the nurse observe for?
- ATall, peaked T waves高聳、尖銳的T波
- BST segment depression✓ 正解ST段下陷
- CShortened QT intervalQT間期縮短
- DWidened QRS complexQRS波群變寬
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低鉀血症（Hypokalemia）對心肌傳導影響顯著，心電圖（ECG）上的典型表現包括 ST 段下陷、T 波變平或倒置，以及出現 U 波。這些變化反映了心肌再極化過程的延長與異常。Tall, peaked T waves 則是高血鉀的典型特徵。護理師必須熟悉低血鉀的心電圖特徵，以便及時發現心律不整風險。
Hypokalemia typically presents on an ECG with ST-segment depression, flattened or inverted T waves, and the appearance of U waves. These changes reflect delayed myocardial repolarization and increased risk for dysrhythmias. In contrast, tall peaked T waves and widened QRS complexes are signs of hyperkalemia, not hypokalemia.