— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位高齡病患醫囑使用環利尿劑（Loop diuretic），下列哪項護理評估對於監測副作用最重要？
An older adult client is prescribed a loop diuretic. Which nursing assessment is most important to monitor for potential adverse effects?
- ADaily weight每日體重
- BSerum potassium level✓ 正解血清鉀濃度
- CSerum creatinine level血清肌酸酐濃度
- DBlood pressure血壓
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
環利尿劑（如 Furosemide）會顯著增加鉀離子的排泄。高齡病患對低血鉀引起的肌肉無力、心律不整更為敏感，因此監測鉀離子是藥物安全監測的重中之重。血壓與體重雖需監測，但低血鉀帶來的致死性心律不整風險最高。
Loop diuretics significantly increase potassium excretion, making serum potassium monitoring the most critical assessment to prevent life-threatening hypokalemia and associated dysrhythmias. While daily weight, blood pressure, and creatinine levels are important for overall management, acute electrolyte imbalances pose the highest immediate risk to patient safety, particularly in older adults.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆會執行監測，美國護理師對檢驗值報告的判讀權限較高，台灣常依醫師醫囑判讀並回報。