— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人被診斷為急性胰臟炎，預期會採取哪項飲食調整？
A client is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Which dietary modification should the nurse anticipate?
- ANPO (Nothing by mouth)✓ 正解禁食 (NPO)
- BClear liquid diet清流質飲食
- CHigh-protein diet高蛋白飲食
- DHigh-fat diet高脂肪飲食
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎的核心治療目標是「讓胰臟休息」（Pancreatic rest）。由於食物（尤其是脂肪與蛋白質）進入十二指腸會刺激胰臟分泌消化酵素，當胰臟發炎時，這些酵素若無法順利排出，會導致「自體消化」（Autodigestion），進而加重發炎與疼痛。因此，急性期禁食是減少胰液分泌、緩解疼痛的關鍵護理措施。
Acute pancreatitis treatment prioritizes pancreatic rest to prevent autodigestion caused by the release of digestive enzymes. Food intake, particularly fats and proteins, stimulates enzyme secretion, which exacerbates inflammation and pain in the acute phase. Therefore, keeping the client NPO is essential to reduce pancreatic stimulation and allow the organ to heal.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國臨床對於急性胰臟炎的營養支持轉變極快，目前傾向於若腸胃道功能允許，應儘早恢復腸內營養（Enteral nutrition），而非傳統的長時間禁食，以維持腸道黏膜屏障。