— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位 55 歲高血壓病患服用 Lisinopril。護理師發現下列哪項評估結果需優先通報醫師？
A 55-year-old client with a history of hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. The nurse identifies which assessment finding as a priority to report to the provider?
- ASerum potassium of 4.2 mEq/L血清鉀 4.2 mEq/L
- BDry cough乾咳
- CDizziness upon standing站立時頭暈
- DAngioedema✓ 正解血管神經性水腫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
血管收縮素轉化酶抑制劑（ACEI）如 Lisinopril，其最致命的副作用是血管神經性水腫（Angioedema）。這是一種過敏反應，會導致舌頭、喉嚨及臉部迅速腫脹，進而引發呼吸道阻塞（Airway obstruction），屬於危及生命的緊急狀況（ABC 原則中 Airway 優先）。護理師若評估到此徵象，必須立即通知醫師並準備急救設備。
Angioedema is a rare but life-threatening allergic reaction to ACE inhibitors like lisinopril that causes rapid swelling of the tongue, lips, and throat. This condition poses an immediate risk of airway obstruction, making it a higher priority than a dry cough, orthostatic dizziness, or normal serum potassium levels.