一位有心肌梗塞（MI）病史的病人被處方 Aspirin 和 Clopidogrel（Plavix）。護理師應加強灌輸哪些重要教學點？
A client with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) is prescribed aspirin and clopidogrel (Plavix). The nurse should reinforce which important teaching point?
- AAvoid grapefruit juice避免飲用葡萄柚汁
- BReport any signs of bleeding✓ 正解報告任何出血跡象
- CIncrease intake of vitamin K-rich foods增加富含維生素 K 食物的攝取
- DMonitor blood pressure daily每日監測血壓
Aspirin 和 Clopidogrel 都是抗血小板藥物，會增加出血風險。因此，教育病人識別並回報任何出血跡象至關重要。葡萄柚汁與某些藥物（如 statins）有交互作用；維生素 K 攝取與抗血小板藥物無關；監測血壓雖重要，但出血風險是此藥物組合的直接考量。
Aspirin and clopidogrel are antiplatelet agents that significantly increase the risk of bleeding, making it essential for clients to report any signs of hemorrhage immediately. Unlike anticoagulants such as warfarin, vitamin K intake does not directly counteract their effects. While blood pressure monitoring is generally important, recognizing bleeding risks is the specific priority for this medication combination.
美國對心血管疾病病人，常強調藥物遵從性與定期回診；台灣亦然，但病人對藥物副作用的警覺性可能因衛教深度而異。