— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
病人獲處方 MAO 抑制劑 Phenelzine。護理師必須強調下列哪項飲食限制？
A client is prescribed phenelzine, an MAO inhibitor. Which dietary restriction must the nurse emphasize?
- AAvoid grapefruit juice避免葡萄柚汁
- BAvoid potassium-rich foods避免富含鉀的食物
- CAvoid high-fiber foods避免高纖維食物
- DAvoid foods high in tyramine✓ 正解避免富含酪胺的食物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
服用 MAO 抑制劑的病人若食用含酪胺（tyramine）的食物（如陳年起司、煙燻肉品、紅酒），會引發致命的「高血壓危象（Hypertensive Crisis）」，因此衛教低酪胺飲食是這類病人的核心護理重點。
Clients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) must strictly avoid foods high in tyramine, such as aged cheeses and cured meats, to prevent a potentially fatal hypertensive crisis. This dietary restriction is critical because MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of tyramine, leading to dangerous spikes in blood pressure upon ingestion.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣因飲食習慣多樣化，包含許多發酵食品（如豆豉、豆腐乳），護理師需特別針對在地飲食進行衛教。