— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師照護一位甲狀腺全切除手術後的病人，發現出現腕足痙攣及口周麻木，應懷疑哪種電解質失衡？
A nurse is caring for a client who had a total thyroidectomy. The nurse notes carpopedal spasm and numbness around the mouth. Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse suspect?
- AHypomagnesemia低血鎂
- BHypokalemia低血鉀
- CHypocalcemia✓ 正解低血鈣
- DHyponatremia低血鈉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺全切除術後，若副甲狀腺（Parathyroid gland）不慎受損或移除，會導致副甲狀腺素分泌不足，進而引起血鈣濃度急劇下降（低血鈣）。低血鈣會導致神經肌肉興奮性增加，臨床上表現為口周麻木、指端刺痛以及腕足痙攣（Trousseau's sign）或顏面神經徵象（Chvostek's sign）。這是術後嚴重的電解質併發症，需立即處置以防喉頭痙攣。
Carpopedal spasms and perioral numbness following a total thyroidectomy are classic signs of hypocalcemia due to accidental damage or removal of the parathyroid glands. This electrolyte imbalance increases neuromuscular excitability and requires immediate intervention to prevent serious complications such as laryngospasm.