— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師指導病人關於硝酸甘油（Nitroglycerin）舌下錠的使用。應包含哪項建議？
A nurse is teaching a client about nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. What should the instruction include?
- AStore the medication in the original plastic bottle將藥物存放在原廠塑膠瓶中
- BTake up to 4 tablets if the pain continues若疼痛持續，最多服用4錠
- CTake one tablet, then call 911 if pain persists after 5 minutes✓ 正解服用一錠，若5分鐘後疼痛未緩解則撥打911
- DSwallow the tablet immediately with water立即用水吞服藥錠
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
硝酸甘油（Nitroglycerin）舌下錠透過舌下黏膜快速吸收，直接進入全身循環，繞過肝臟首渡效應（First-pass effect）。正確的使用方式是心絞痛發作時立即舌下含服。若五分鐘後症狀未緩解，即代表心肌缺血可能演變為心肌梗塞，此時必須立即求救（呼叫 911），而非繼續自行服藥，以免延誤黃金治療時間。
Clients should take one nitroglycerin tablet sublingually at the onset of chest pain and call 911 if pain persists after five minutes, as this may indicate a myocardial infarction. The medication must be stored in a dark glass container to prevent degradation, and swallowing it renders it ineffective due to first-pass metabolism.