— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
病人術後醫囑為清流質飲食（Clear liquid diet）。護理師應提供以下哪種食物給病人？
A client is prescribed a clear liquid diet postoperatively. Which food item should the nurse provide to the client?
- AApple juice✓ 正解蘋果汁
- BOrange juice with pulp含果肉的柳橙汁
- CCream of mushroom soup奶油蘑菇湯
- DVanilla pudding香草布丁
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
清流質飲食是指在室溫下呈液體狀且透明、無渣的食物。蘋果汁符合此標準。香草布丁（D）和奶油蘑菇濃湯（C）屬於全流質飲食（Full liquid），因為含有奶製品且不透明。帶渣的柳橙汁（B）因含有果肉纖維，也不屬於清流質。術後通常從清流質開始，觀察病人耐受性後再進階至全流質或軟質飲食。
Apple juice is appropriate for a clear liquid diet because it is transparent and residue-free at room temperature. Foods like cream of mushroom soup, vanilla pudding, and orange juice with pulp are excluded as they contain solids, milk products, or residues, classifying them as full liquids rather than clear liquids.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國，Jell-O（明膠）和黑咖啡（無奶）是清流質的代表；台灣臨床上則常使用米湯作為清流質首選。