一位第一型糖尿病患血糖 450 mg/dL，呼氣有水果味，呈現快速且深之呼吸。護理師應優先評估什麼？
A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who presents with blood glucose of 450 mg/dL, fruity breath, and rapid, deep respirations. Which assessment is the priority?
- ASerum potassium levels✓ 正解血清鉀濃度
- BSkin turgor assessment皮膚彈性評估
- CCurrent insulin dosage目前胰島素劑量
- DRecent dietary intake近期飲食攝取
病患表現為典型的糖尿病酮酸中毒（Diabetic Ketoacidosis, DKA），其深而快的呼吸稱為庫斯莫爾氏呼吸（Kussmaul respirations），是身體代償代謝性酸中毒的機制。治療 DKA 的核心包含補液、胰島素治療及電解質平衡。雖然病患初期血鉀可能正常或偏高，但胰島素治療會促進鉀離子進入細胞，導致血鉀急劇下降，引發心律不整，因此監測血鉀是生命安全優先事項。
The client's presentation is typical of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA); the rapid, deep respirations are called Kussmaul respirations, the body's compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis. Core treatment of DKA includes fluid replacement, insulin therapy, and electrolyte management. Although the initial serum potassium may be normal or even high, insulin therapy drives potassium intracellularly and can cause an abrupt drop in serum potassium, precipitating cardiac dysrhythmias; therefore monitoring potassium is a life-safety priority.