— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症（GAD）的病人表示感到「緊繃」且無法放鬆。護理師首要採取哪項措施最合適？
A 45-year-old client diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) describes feeling 'on edge' and unable to relax. Which initial nursing intervention is most appropriate?
- AAdminister an as-needed benzodiazepine給予處方苯二氮平類藥物
- BTeach the client deep breathing exercises✓ 正解教導病人深呼吸練習
- CEncourage the client to join a support group鼓勵病人參加支持團體
- DAsk the client to identify the source of anxiety詢問病人焦慮來源
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
廣泛性焦慮症（GAD）的病人常處於交感神經過度興奮狀態。首要護理目標是啟動生理放鬆反應，以降低焦慮強度。深呼吸練習（Deep breathing exercises）透過增加迷走神經張力，能直接對抗焦慮引發的生理緊繃，是成本最低且立即有效的非藥物介入。在病人情緒激動時，探究原因或進行複雜衛教效果不佳，應先穩定生理症狀。
The priority intervention for a client with generalized anxiety disorder experiencing acute symptoms is to promote physiological relaxation through deep breathing exercises. This technique activates the parasympathetic nervous system, effectively reducing somatic tension and helping to stabilize the client before addressing psychological triggers or initiating long-term therapies.