— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
在給予心衰竭病人毛地黃（Digoxin）之前，護理師應優先評估下列哪些項目？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following assessments should the nurse prioritize before administering digoxin to a client with heart failure? (Select all that apply.)
- AApical heart rate✓ 正解心尖脈搏
- BSerum potassium level✓ 正解血清鉀濃度
- CSerum digoxin level✓ 正解血清毛地黃濃度
- DBlood pressure血壓
- ERespiratory rate呼吸頻率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
毛地黃（Digoxin）具有正性肌力與負性頻率作用，治療指數極窄，中毒風險高。評估重點在於：1.心跳：心搏過緩（<60 bpm）是中毒徵兆。2.血鉀：低血鉀（Hypokalemia）會增強藥物與心肌受體的結合，極易引發嚴重心律不整。3.藥物濃度：定期監測血中濃度以確保處於治療窗（Therapeutic Range）內，避免發生致死性毒性。
Before administering digoxin, the nurse must assess the apical pulse for bradycardia, check serum potassium levels because hypokalemia increases toxicity risk, and monitor serum digoxin levels to ensure they remain within the therapeutic range. These assessments are vital due to the drug's narrow therapeutic index and potential for severe cardiac side effects.