— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
為預防術後肺塌陷（Atelectasis），下列哪項護理動作為優先？
Which of the following nursing actions is prioritized to prevent postoperative atelectasis?
- AMaintain bed rest for the first 24 hours術後最初24小時維持臥床休息
- BAdminister pain medication給予止痛藥物
- CRestrict fluid intake to prevent overload限制水分攝取以防過載
- DEncourage the use of an incentive spirometer✓ 正解鼓勵使用誘發性肺量計
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
術後肺塌陷主要是因為肺泡擴張不足。誘發性肺量計（Incentive spirometer）能鼓勵深呼吸，促進肺泡擴張，是預防術後肺部併發症最有效的護理手段。疼痛管理雖有幫助，但非直接手段；鼓勵下床活動也是關鍵，但在急性恢復期以肺量計訓練最直接。
Encouraging the use of an incentive spirometer is the priority nursing action to prevent postoperative atelectasis by promoting deep breathing and lung expansion. While early ambulation and pain management are beneficial, direct lung inflation techniques are essential for preventing alveolar collapse.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩國在術後護理指導中，教導使用 incentive spirometer 的程序完全一致。