— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照顧一位全髖關節置換術後的病人，應採取哪些措施以預防併發症？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which actions should the nurse take to prevent complications? (Select all that apply.)
- APlace an abduction pillow between the legs✓ 正解在雙腿之間放置外展枕
- BEnsure the hip flexion does not exceed 90 degrees✓ 正解確保髖關節彎曲不超過 90 度
- CEncourage the client to cross legs for comfort鼓勵病人交叉雙腿以獲得舒適
- DCheck for neurovascular status in the affected extremity✓ 正解檢查患肢的神經血管狀況
- EApply anti-embolism stockings as ordered✓ 正解依醫囑穿戴抗栓塞襪
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全髖關節置換術後須防止脫位，包括使用外展枕固定、避免彎腰超過 90 度，並維持患肢神經血管評估。此外，術後病人易發生深層靜脈栓塞（DVT），故需穿著彈性襪並促進循環。交叉雙腳是禁忌動作，會導致假體脫位。
To prevent hip dislocation, the nurse should use an abduction pillow to maintain alignment and ensure hip flexion does not exceed 90 degrees. Additionally, monitoring neurovascular status and applying anti-embolism stockings are essential to detect complications early and reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台均採取相似預防措施，台灣臨床護理常因復健需求更強調早期下床，美國則更依賴物理治療師介入指導。