— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位鐮刀型貧血病人發生急性危機，下列何項處置為優先？
Which of the following interventions is the priority for a client experiencing an acute sickle cell crisis?
- AAdminister oxygen給予氧氣
- BAdminister analgesics給予止痛藥
- CEncourage deep breathing鼓勵深呼吸
- DProvide IV fluids✓ 正解提供靜脈輸液
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鐮刀型貧血（Sickle cell anemia）急性危機時，紅血球因脫水及缺氧而發生鐮狀化，導致血管阻塞與劇烈疼痛。補充靜脈輸液（IV fluids）是基礎治療，目的是稀釋血液、降低血球黏稠度，進而促進血液循環，緩解血管阻塞現象。脫水是誘發危象的重要因素，因此在 ABC（呼吸、循環、氣道）法則中，循環的穩定（hydration）是優先處置。
In an acute sickle cell crisis, providing intravenous fluids is the priority intervention to decrease blood viscosity and promote circulation. Dehydration triggers sickling, so hydration helps prevent further vascular occlusion and alleviates pain. While oxygen and analgesics are important, restoring volume is fundamental to resolving the crisis.