— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
對於呼吸性酸中毒的病人，下列哪項護理措施最有效？
Which of the following interventions is most effective for a client with respiratory acidosis?
- AReduce the rate of mechanical ventilation降低機械通氣的速率
- BEncourage deep breathing and coughing✓ 正解鼓勵深呼吸與咳嗽
- CAdminister sodium bicarbonate intravenously靜脈注射碳酸氫鈉
- DAdminister high-flow oxygen給予高流量氧氣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
呼吸性酸中毒的主因是二氧化碳滯留（通氣不足）。深呼吸與咳嗽運動能促進肺泡擴張、排出 CO2，改善通氣效率。給予碳酸氫鈉無法解決 CO2 滯留問題；減低通氣率會加劇酸中毒；高流量氧氣可能導致二氧化碳麻醉。
Encouraging deep breathing and coughing is the most effective intervention as it improves ventilation and helps eliminate retained carbon dioxide, addressing the root cause of respiratory acidosis. Other options such as reducing ventilation rate or administering bicarbonate do not correct the underlying hypoventilation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國呼吸治療師（RT）主導呼吸模式參數調整，護理師負責執行；台灣護理師常需與醫療團隊密切討論。