— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
病人確診為抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群 (SIADH)，護理師預期會見到哪些徵象？（選所有適合的）
A client is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
- ADilutional hyponatremia✓ 正解稀釋性低血鈉
- BHigh urine specific gravity✓ 正解高尿比重
- CWeight gain without edema✓ 正解體重增加但無水腫
- DHypernatremia高血鈉
- ELow serum osmolality✓ 正解低血清滲透壓
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
SIADH 導致體內水分過度滯留，造成體液過多與稀釋性低血鈉。由於水分滯留，尿液變得濃縮（高尿比重），血液則變得稀釋（低滲透壓）。SIADH 的水腫通常不在周邊呈現，因水分分布在血管內，故呈現無水腫性體重增加。高血鈉為脫水表現，與此症候群相反。
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) causes water retention leading to dilutional hyponatremia, low serum osmolality, and high urine specific gravity. Unlike other causes of fluid overload, SIADH typically presents with weight gain without peripheral edema because the excess fluid remains primarily within the vascular space.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地對於 SIADH 病人的限水護理指導一致。台灣臨床常規會更頻繁監測病人每小時的尿量變化以調整輸液。