— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備為病人靜脈點滴輸注 20 mEq 的氯化鉀。下列何者是確保安全的必要措施？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride 20 mEq IV piggyback to a client. Which action is essential to ensure client safety?
- AVerify the medication is diluted in appropriate volume✓ 正解確認藥物已稀釋於適當體積中
- BPerform the injection without checking the patency of the IV site在不檢查靜脈通路通暢性的情況下進行注射
- CIncrease the infusion rate to finish in 15 minutes加快輸注速率以在15分鐘內完成
- DAdminister the medication via IV push method以靜脈推注（IV push）方式給藥
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀（Potassium chloride）是高警訊藥物（High-alert medication）。絕對不得進行靜脈推注（IV push），否則會導致心跳停止。必須確保藥物已充分稀釋，並以受控的速率（通常不超過 10-20 mEq/hr，視醫院規範而定）透過靜脈輸注，以避免血管刺激與心律不整。
Potassium chloride is a high-alert medication that must never be administered via IV push, as rapid infusion can cause fatal cardiac arrest. To ensure safety, the nurse must verify that the medication is properly diluted in an appropriate volume and infused at a controlled rate, typically not exceeding 10-20 mEq per hour, to prevent vascular irritation and arrhythmias.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院通常要求鉀離子必須使用輸液幫浦（Infusion pump）給予，且輸注濃度與速率有嚴格限制，台灣臨床亦同。