— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人正在接受靜脈藥物的連續輸注。護理師的哪個行為最能體現預防靜脈滲漏的最佳實踐？
A client is receiving a continuous infusion of an IV medication. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates the best practice for preventing infiltration?
- ASecure the IV catheter with tape only.僅用膠帶固定靜脈導管。
- BCheck the IV site for swelling and redness only once per shift.每班次僅檢查一次靜脈穿刺部位是否有腫脹和紅腫。
- CUse the smallest gauge catheter possible for the medication.✓ 正解使用該藥物所需的最小號數導管。
- DAdminister the medication rapidly to minimize IV line time.快速給藥以縮短靜脈通路時間。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈滲漏（infiltration）是指藥物或輸液流入皮下組織而非血管內。為了降低滲漏風險，護理師應選擇符合藥物性質且對血管刺激最小的導管。使用過粗的導管會增加血管壁損傷的機率，特別是在脆弱或細小的血管中。選擇最小號數（gauge）的導管能維持血流暢通，減少對靜脈內膜的機械性刺激，從而降低滲漏風險。
Using the smallest gauge catheter possible minimizes vein trauma and reduces the risk of infiltration by decreasing mechanical irritation to the vessel wall. IV sites should be secured with transparent dressings and assessed frequently, not just once per shift or with tape alone.