— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
對於一位剛打石膏的病患，下列哪項護理措施最重要？
Which of the following interventions is critical for a client with a new cast on their leg?
- ACover the cast with a plastic sheet用塑膠布覆蓋石膏
- BKeep the leg in a dependent position將患肢保持在下垂位置
- CApply heat to the cast對石膏施加熱敷
- DPerform neurovascular checks✓ 正解執行神經血管評估
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
石膏邊緣過緊可能導致腔室症候群 (Compartment Syndrome)，壓迫神經與血管。神經血管評估（循環、感覺、運動能力）是預防長期殘疾與壞死的首要措施。B 會導致水腫惡化，A 會影響石膏乾燥，C 可能損傷石膏或導致皮膚燙傷。
Neurovascular assessments are critical to detect early signs of compartment syndrome, which can result from a cast that is too tight and compresses nerves and blood vessels. This evaluation is the primary measure to prevent long-term disability and tissue necrosis. Other options such as covering the cast, keeping the leg dependent, or applying heat are contraindicated as they may worsen edema, delay drying, or cause injury.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆強調石膏護理中對腔室症候群的警覺，教學重點完全一致。