一位因嚴重雙側青光眼導致近乎全盲的65歲男性被收治於內外科病房。護理師送來了一份熱騰騰的午餐餐盤。個案嘆氣說：「我非常餓，但我完全看不到這餐盤上有什麼。妳可以直接餵我吃嗎？」他的認知狀態完全正常，且雙上肢力量也都正常。護理師採取哪項行動最能促進該病患的心理社會獨立性？
A 65-year-old male with severe bilateral glaucoma and near-total blindness is admitted to the medical-surgical unit. The nurse delivers a hot lunch tray. The client sighs, "I'm extremely hungry, but I can't see anything on this tray. Could you just feed me?" His cognitive status is intact, and he has normal bilateral upper extremity strength. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse to promote the client's psychosocial independence?
- ADescribe the location of the food items on the plate using the numbers on a clock face (e.g., "the rice is at 12 o'clock"), and assist him in locating his utensils.✓ 正解使用時鐘面數字描述食物在餐盤上的位置（例如：「米飯在十二點方向」），並協助他找到餐具。
- BRefuse to feed him and instruct him to blindly explore the tray with his hands so he can quickly memorize the placement.拒絕餵食，並指示他用雙手盲目探索餐盤，以便快速記住擺放位置。
- CSit down immediately at the bedside and spoon-feed the entire meal to the client to ensure adequate and safe caloric intake.立即坐在床邊，用湯匙將整頓餐點餵給病人，以確保足夠且安全的熱量攝取。
- DBlend all the solid food items together into a thick liquid puree and provide it in a customized spill-proof cup.將所有固體食物攪拌成濃稠液體泥狀，並提供於客製化的防灑杯中。
本題測驗基礎照護領域中，視覺障礙病患的用膳安全與尊嚴維護。在護理實務中，促進病患參與「日常生活活動（ADLs）」能極大化其自尊感並防止功能退化。當面對雙手力量與認知完全正常的盲人病患時，直接像對待失能者般餵食（選項C）會剝奪他們的獨立性與尊嚴；而強迫其瞎摸（選項B）則充滿危險，可能打翻熱湯導致嚴重燙傷。照顧全盲病患進食的國際黃金標準是：利用「時鐘面（Clock-face system）」來描述餐盤。護理師可以說：「飯在 12點鐘方向，肉在 3點鐘方向，青菜在 6點鐘方向」。透過這種口語的空間地圖，病患便能順利使用餐具自行進食（選項A為完美正解）。選項D未經同意將食物全部打成噁心的泥狀，完全違反一般飲食常規，是不被接受的懲罰性改變。
Using the clock-face method allows the client to independently locate food and utensils, promoting dignity and self-care. Spoon-feeding or forcing the client to feel for food compromises safety or independence.
失明/視障人士的「時鐘餵食法（Clock face method）」是基礎基礎護理學（Fundamentals of nursing）考卷必會出現的一道標準題，世界通用。