— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位全髖關節置換術後的病人。下列哪項介入措施對於預防深部靜脈栓塞最有效？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which intervention is most effective in preventing the development of deep vein thrombosis?
- AAdministering prophylactic anticoagulants給予預防性抗凝血劑
- BPerforming passive range-of-motion exercises執行被動關節活動範圍運動
- CApplying compression stockings應用彈性襪
- DEncouraging early and frequent ambulation✓ 正解鼓勵早期且頻繁的下床活動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全髖關節置換術後，早期下床活動是預防血栓最關鍵的非藥物措施。活動能促進下肢靜脈回流，減少血液淤滯。雖然抗凝血劑和彈性襪是標準輔助治療，但身體的動力活動能從根本上改變循環動力學，是預防靜脈血栓形成的黃金標準。
Early and frequent ambulation is the most effective mechanical prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis because it promotes venous return and reduces blood stasis. While pharmacological agents and compression stockings are important adjuncts, physical activity fundamentally improves circulation dynamics and is considered the gold standard for prevention.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院有嚴格的術後早期下床計畫（Early Ambulation Protocol），台灣常見病人因疼痛或對器材不信任而較晚下床。