— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位急性胰臟炎病人醫囑需禁食（NPO）。此醫囑主要的生理機轉為何？
A client with acute pancreatitis is prescribed nothing by mouth (NPO). What is the primary physiological rationale for this intervention?
- ATo allow for easier administration of intravenous medications便於給予靜脈注射藥物
- BTo prevent aspiration during diagnostic procedures預防診斷程序中的吸入性肺炎
- CTo reduce pancreatic enzyme secretion and stimulation✓ 正解減少胰臟酵素分泌與刺激
- DTo avoid the development of paralytic ileus避免發生麻痺性腸阻塞
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎（Acute Pancreatitis）的病理機轉為胰臟酵素在胰臟內提前活化，導致胰臟組織自體消化與發炎。食物進入十二指腸會刺激膽囊收縮素（CCK）與促胰液素（Secretin）分泌，進而強烈刺激胰臟分泌消化酵素。給予禁食（NPO）是為了讓胰臟處於「休息狀態」，減少酵素分泌，防止發炎惡化，並緩解劇烈疼痛。
In acute pancreatitis, food ingestion stimulates the release of cholecystokinin and secretin, which trigger pancreatic enzyme secretion and exacerbate autodigestion. Keeping the client NPO rests the pancreas, minimizing enzyme production to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain.