— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師準備無菌區域時應採取哪些動作？（選所有適合的）
Which actions should the nurse perform when preparing a sterile field? (Select all that apply.)
- AOpen the outermost flap of the sterile wrap away from the body first✓ 正解首先朝遠離身體的方向打開無菌包裹的最外層蓋子
- BKeep the sterile field above waist level at all times✓ 正解始終將無菌區域保持在腰部以上
- CConsider the outer 1-inch border of the sterile drape as contaminated✓ 正解將無菌鋪巾的外側 1 吋邊緣視為受污染
- DReach over the sterile field to place items if done quickly若動作迅速，可跨越無菌區域放置物品
- EPour liquid from a height of 10-15 cm to prevent splashing✓ 正解從 10-15 公分的高度傾倒液體以防止濺出
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
建立無菌區域（Sterile field）需嚴格遵守無菌操作原則（Aseptic technique）。核心觀念包括：無菌區內僅能放置無菌物品、跨越無菌區即污染、邊緣一英吋視為污染，以及保持無菌物品於腰部以上。倒入無菌液體時，需保持適當高度以避免液體濺出，因為潮濕會導致毛細現象，將非無菌面細菌帶入無菌區。
When establishing a sterile field, open the outermost flap away from the body, keep items above waist level, and treat the 1-inch border as contaminated. Liquids should be poured carefully from a height of 10-15 cm to prevent splashing, which can wick bacteria into the sterile area via capillary action.