— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些情境描述了違反病人隱私？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following scenarios describes a breach of patient confidentiality? (Select all that apply.)
- ADiscussing a client's condition with another nurse involved in their care.與參與該病人照護的其他護理師討論病人的狀況
- BPosting a photo of a client's wound on a personal social media account.✓ 正解在個人社交媒體帳號上發布病人傷口照片
- CLeaving a client's medical chart open on a desk in a public area.✓ 正解將病人的病歷打開並放置在公共區域的桌面上
- DSharing patient information with a family member who has a power of attorney.與具有代理權的家屬分享病人資訊
- EDiscussing a case study in a nursing report room with colleagues.在護理報告室與同事討論個案研究
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
病人隱私保護（Patient Confidentiality）是護理倫理與法律（HIPAA）的核心。違反隱私是指在未經授權下，將病人的健康資訊洩露給無關人員或置於不安全環境中。選項 B 將病灶照片上傳至社交媒體，屬嚴重的隱私違規與倫理疏失；選項 C 將病歷置於公共區域，屬醫療環境中的資訊安全漏洞。護理師應確保所有醫療資訊僅在專業照護需求下流通，並遵守資訊保護原則。
Posting a client's wound photo on social media is a severe breach of confidentiality and ethical standards, as it exposes protected health information to unauthorized individuals. Similarly, leaving a medical chart open in a public area creates an information security vulnerability by allowing unauthorized access to sensitive patient data.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國有嚴格的 HIPAA 法案，違規可能導致護理師執照吊銷及高額罰款。台灣醫院評鑑亦有嚴格個資法規範，但美國臨床對於社交媒體的監管（Social Media Policy）更為嚴苛，任何與個案相關的影像上傳幾乎皆會導致解僱。