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降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA

下列哪些護理措施有助於預防深層靜脈血栓(DVT)?(選所有適合的)

Which of the following interventions prevents deep vein thrombosis (DVT)? (Select all that apply.)

  • AEncourage early ambulation✓ 正解
    鼓勵早期下床活動
  • BApply sequential compression devices (SCDs)✓ 正解
    使用循序加壓裝置 (SCDs)
  • CAdminister prophylactic anticoagulants✓ 正解
    給予預防性抗凝血劑
  • DKeep the knees flexed to improve comfort
    保持膝蓋彎曲以增加舒適度
  • EMaintain adequate hydration✓ 正解
    維持充足的水分攝取
Explanation · 中文詳解

核心概念:深層靜脈血栓(Deep Vein Thrombosis, DVT)的預防措施。 為何正確答案對: A. 鼓勵早期下床活動(Encourage early ambulation)能促進下肢血液循環,預防血栓形成。 B. 穿著序列式加壓裝置(Sequential compression devices, SCDs)能規律地對小腿加壓,模擬肌肉收縮,幫助血液回流,預防 DVT。 C. 預防性使用抗凝血劑(Administer prophylactic anticoagulants),如低分子量肝素(LMWH)或口服抗凝血藥物,是預防 DVT 的有效方法,特別是對於高風險病人。 E. 維持充足水份(Maintain adequate hydration)有助於維持血液稀釋,降低血液黏稠度,減少血栓形成的風險。 為何其他選項錯: D. 彎曲膝蓋(Keep the knees flexed)會壓迫膕窩(Popliteal fossa)的靜脈,阻礙血液回流,增加 DVT 風險,應避免。

Preventing deep vein thrombosis involves promoting venous return and maintaining blood fluidity through early ambulation, sequential compression devices, prophylactic anticoagulants, and adequate hydration. Keeping the knees flexed should be avoided as it compresses the popliteal vein and impedes blood flow, thereby increasing the risk of clot formation.

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