— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位高血鉀病人，應密切監測哪項心電圖變化？
A nurse is caring for a client with hyperkalemia. Which ECG change should the nurse monitor for closely?
- AProlonged PR intervalPR 間期延長
- BFlattened T wavesT 波平坦
- CTall, peaked T waves✓ 正解高尖 T 波
- DProminent U waves明顯的 U 波
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鉀初期心電圖特徵為 T 波高尖（Tall, peaked T waves），隨著鉀離子濃度上升，可能進一步導致 PR 間期延長、QRS 波變寬及心室顫動。低血鉀通常表現為 U 波顯著與 T 波平坦化，因此選項 C 是監測高血鉀危險性的關鍵指標。
Hyperkalemia initially manifests on the ECG as tall, peaked T waves, which serve as an early indicator of cardiac electrical instability. As potassium levels rise, further changes such as prolonged PR intervals and widened QRS complexes may occur. Flattened T waves and prominent U waves are characteristic of hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆強調護理師應熟知高血鉀危險性，但美國護理師常需更主動依據檢驗值先行會診藥師或準備給予緊急藥物。