— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師正為數位病人給藥。哪位病人應優先處理？
A nurse is administering medications to multiple clients. Which client should the nurse see first?
- AA client receiving digoxin with a potassium level of 4.2 mEq/L接受digoxin且血鉀濃度為 4.2 mEq/L 的客戶
- BA client receiving IV morphine reporting nausea接受靜脈注射morphine並主訴噁心的客戶
- CA client receiving vancomycin with a red face and neck✓ 正解接受vancomycin且出現臉部和頸部紅腫的客戶
- DA client receiving heparin with a PTT of 40 seconds接受heparin且PTT為 40 秒的客戶
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Vancomycin 輸注過快引起的紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）特徵為臉部、頸部與胸部潮紅、搔癢及低血壓。這雖然是輸注反應，但需暫停並減慢速度，且可能伴隨心血管不穩定，屬於給藥過程中的緊急狀況，優於處理非危急的副作用如噁心。
Red man syndrome, caused by rapid vancomycin infusion, presents with flushing of the face and neck and can progress to hypotension, requiring immediate intervention such as slowing the infusion rate. This potential hemodynamic instability takes priority over non-life-threatening side effects like nausea or stable lab values.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆對 Vancomycin 輸注速率有嚴格規範，預防紅人症候群是藥物安全管理重點。