— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
病人正在接受靜脈肝素(Heparin)滴注。護理師發現病人的 aPTT 為 98 秒(對照值為 25-35 秒)。護理師預期醫師會開立哪種藥物?
A client is receiving an intravenous infusion of heparin. The nurse notes that the client's activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is 98 seconds (control is 25-35 seconds). Which medication should the nurse anticipate the provider ordering?
- AVitamin K維生素 K
- BEnoxaparin依諾肝素
- CProtamine sulfate✓ 正解硫酸魚精蛋白
- DAspirin阿斯匹靈
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肝素(Heparin)是一種常用的靜脈注射抗凝血劑,用於預防和治療深部靜脈栓塞、肺栓塞等血栓性疾病。其作用機轉是透過增強抗凝血酶 III 的活性,抑制多種凝血因子。為了確保肝素的治療效果和安全性,需要密切監測活化部分凝血酶原時間(aPTT)。當 aPTT 值顯著超過治療範圍時,表示肝素過量,病人有很高的出血風險,必須立即採取措施逆轉其抗凝血作用,以避免嚴重的出血併發症。
An aPTT of 98 seconds indicates a significant heparin overdose, placing the client at high risk for bleeding. The nurse should anticipate the administration of protamine sulfate, which is the specific antidote used to reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin.