— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人獲處方 Phenytoin 控制癲癇，哪項護理指導對長期健康最重要？
A client is prescribed phenytoin for seizure control. Which nursing instruction is most important for long-term health?
- ATake the medication on an empty stomach空腹服藥
- BPerform thorough oral hygiene✓ 正解執行徹底的口腔衛生
- CIncrease intake of calcium增加鈣質攝取
- DAvoid sunlight exposure避免陽光曝曬
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Phenytoin 常見的長期副作用是牙齦增生（Gingival hyperplasia）。指導病人維持徹底的口腔衛生（使用軟毛刷、牙線）是預防與減輕此副作用的關鍵。其他選項雖為相關衛教，但牙齦健康是影響生活品質與用藥持續性的最直接因素。
Long-term phenytoin use commonly causes gingival hyperplasia, making thorough oral hygiene essential to maintain gum health and prevent infection. Nursing instructions should emphasize regular brushing, flossing, and dental check-ups to mitigate this specific adverse effect and ensure medication adherence.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地對此藥的口腔護理指導皆為標準作業內容。