— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
下列哪些是毛地黃中毒(Digitalis toxicity)的徵兆?(選所有適合的)
Which of the following are signs of digitalis toxicity? (Select all that apply.)
- AVisual disturbances (yellow-green halos)✓ 正解視覺障礙(黃綠色光暈)
- BNausea and vomiting✓ 正解噁心與嘔吐
- CBradycardia✓ 正解心動過緩
- DHypertension高血壓
- EConfusion✓ 正解意識混亂
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
毛地黃中毒具有多系統表現。常見症狀包括腸胃道不適(噁心、嘔吐)、心律異常(心跳過慢)、神經系統變化(混亂),以及特有的視覺障礙(如黃綠色光暈)。高血壓並非中毒表徵,相反地,毒性反應可能導致心輸出量下降而造成低血壓。
Signs of digitalis toxicity include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting, cardiac dysrhythmias like bradycardia due to AV block, neurological changes such as confusion, and characteristic visual disturbances like yellow-green halos. Hypertension is not a sign of toxicity; instead, decreased cardiac output may lead to hypotension.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均依賴 Digoxin level 及 ECG 變化來診斷中毒,美國藥師常會主動審核病人的併用藥物以預防藥物交互作用。