— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
下列哪項評估發現暗示發生心包填塞 (Cardiac tamponade)？
Which of the following assessment findings is indicative of cardiac tamponade?
- ABradycardia心搏過緩
- BIncreased pulse pressure脈壓差增大
- CHypertension高血壓
- DMuffled heart sounds✓ 正解心音微弱
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
心包填塞（Cardiac tamponade）是指心包腔內積血或積液，導致心臟舒張受限、心輸出量下降。其臨床表現經典症狀為「貝克氏三徵（Beck's Triad）」：低血壓、頸靜脈怒張（JVD）、心音模糊（Muffled heart sounds）。心音模糊是因為心包液體阻隔了心臟活動的聲音傳導，這是診斷心包填塞的重要依據。
Muffled heart sounds are a classic sign of cardiac tamponade, resulting from fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac that dampens sound transmission. This finding, along with hypotension and jugular venous distention, constitutes Beck's triad and indicates compromised cardiac output due to restricted heart filling.