一位病人因糖尿病酮酸中毒（DKA）入院，下列何種生理發現為預期內？
A client is admitted with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Which physiological finding is expected?
- ASerum potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L血清鉀濃度為 5.5 mEq/L
- BMetabolic alkalosis代謝性鹼中毒
- CDeep, rapid respirations✓ 正解深而快的呼吸
- DDecreased urine output尿量減少
DKA 病人因體內產生大量酮體，導致代謝性酸中毒，身體啟動代償機制透過呼吸排出過多二氧化碳，呈現特有的庫斯莫爾氏呼吸（Kussmaul breathing），即深而快的呼吸。B 選項錯誤，應為代謝性酸中毒；A 選項中，DKA 早期血鉀可能正常或偏高，但隨治療開始會迅速下降；D 選項中，因高血糖導致滲透性利尿，初期通常為尿量增加。
In DKA, the body produces large amounts of ketones leading to metabolic acidosis. The body activates compensatory mechanisms to exhale excess carbon dioxide, producing the characteristic Kussmaul respirations (deep, rapid breathing). Option B is incorrect because the disorder is metabolic acidosis, not alkalosis. In option A, serum potassium may initially appear normal or elevated in DKA but drops rapidly once therapy begins. In option D, hyperglycemia causes osmotic diuresis, so urine output is typically increased in the early stages.
兩地均需嚴格監控 DKA 治療中的離子平衡與血糖，護理流程高度相似，均強調補液的重要性。