— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA —
護理師向青少年團體講解電子煙風險，應包含哪些重點？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about the risks of vaping. Which points should be included? (Select all that apply.)
- ANicotine in vapes can harm adolescent brain development.✓ 正解電子煙中的尼古丁可能會損害青少年的大腦發育。
- BVaping causes irreversible lung damage in some cases.✓ 正解在某些情況下，吸電子煙會造成不可逆的肺部損傷。
- CE-cigarettes are safer than traditional cigarettes because they contain water vapor.電子煙比傳統香菸更安全，因為它們含有水蒸氣。
- DThe aerosol can contain toxic chemicals like lead and volatile organic compounds.✓ 正解氣溶膠可能含有鉛和揮發性有機化合物等有毒化學物質。
- EVaping can lead to nicotine addiction.✓ 正解吸電子煙可能會導致尼古丁成癮。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
電子煙（Vaping/E-cigarettes）並非無害，其氣霧含有多種危害物質，會嚴重影響青少年的生理與神經發展。尼古丁會導致成癮，並對發育中的大腦產生負面影響，尤其是衝動控制能力。此外，電子煙引起的肺部損傷（EVALI）在臨床上已被證實，甚至有致死案例。護理教學重點在於破除「電子煙僅是水蒸氣」的迷思。
Nicotine in vaping products can cause addiction and harm adolescent brain development, particularly affecting impulse control. The aerosol contains toxic chemicals, including heavy metals and volatile organic compounds, which can lead to irreversible lung damage. It is crucial to educate adolescents that e-cigarettes are not harmless water vapor.