— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師教導客戶關於健康促進。下列哪句話正確定義了次級預防活動？
A nurse is teaching a client about health promotion. Which statement correctly identifies a secondary prevention activity?
- AI will wear a helmet to prevent head injury我會戴安全帽以預防頭部受傷
- BI will join a support group to help manage my depression我會參加支持團體以幫助管理憂鬱症
- CI will get a mammogram to find breast cancer as early as possible✓ 正解我會接受乳房攝影檢查，以便盡早發現乳腺癌
- DI will attend a session on healthy eating to avoid obesity我會參加健康飲食課程以避免肥胖
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
次級預防（Secondary prevention）的核心在於「早期偵測與及時治療（Early detection and prompt treatment）」。此階段疾病可能已發生，但個體通常無症狀或處於早期階段，透過篩檢（Screening）能大幅提高治癒率。乳房攝影是標準的乳癌篩檢工具，符合次級預防範疇。護理師在臨床決策時，需區分「預防發病」與「發現已存在的病變」。
Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and prompt treatment of disease, often through screening when symptoms are absent or minimal. Getting a mammogram is a classic example of secondary prevention because it aims to identify breast cancer at an early, more treatable stage. In contrast, wearing a helmet or attending healthy eating sessions are primary prevention strategies aimed at avoiding disease onset.